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Miriam's Song (the Song of the Sea) - Exodus 15 - analysis of words used

Then Mosheh sang this song with the children of Yisra'el to Yahweh, proclaiming:

	Translation	Transliteration
1.	a) ’ashîyrah, from shîyr, sing - Qal imperfect 1s b) to Yahweh c) kîy - for / because d) gâ’ôh, from gâ’âh, rise up, Qal infinitive construct e) gâ’âh, rise up, Qal perfect 3ms a) çûç - horse, Masculine b) werôkebôw - his rider / charioteer, Masculine c) râmâh - cast/shoot, Qal 3ms d) bayyam - into the sea, Masculine	’ashîyrah laYHVH kîy-gâ’ôh gâ’âh         çûç werôkebôw râmâh bayyam
2.	a) ‘âzzîy - my strength / might / power, Masculine b) wezimrâth - melody, song (in praise of Yahweh), from zâmar, make music in praise of God, Feminine c) Yah d) wayehîy-lîy - and he is to/for me e) lîyshû‘âh - my salvation / deliverance / liberation, Feminine a) zeh - this / this one b) ’êlîy - my God / my El c) we’anewêhû, from nâwâh, beautify, Hiph‘îyl imperfect 1s, glorify/beautify/adorn with praise a) ’elôhêy - the God of (construct) b) ’âbîy - my father, Masculine c) wa’arômemenhû, from rûm, be high/exalted/rise, Pô‘lêl, lift up/raise/cause to grow/raise	‘âzzîy wezimrâth yâh wayehîy-lîy lîyshû‘âh         zeh ’êlîy we’anewêhû     ’elôhêy ’âbîy wa’arômemenhû
3.	a) Yahweh b) ’îysh - a man of (construct), Masculine c) milchâmâh - war / battle, Feminine a) Yahweh b) shemôw - his name, Masculine	YHVH ’îysh milchâmâh     YHVH shemôw
4.	a) markebôth - his chariots, Feminine b) par‘ôh - Pharaoh, Masculine c) wechêylôw - and his army/host/might/strength, Masculine d) yârâh, throw/shoot/cast, Qal 3ms e) bayyâm - into the sea, Masculine a) ûmibechar - choice/best, Masculine b) shâlishâyw - his third-men (adjutants/officers in chariot), Masculine c) tubbe‘û - from tâba‘ sink/sink down, Pu‘al perfect 3ms, be sunk d) beyam-çuph - into Yam Suph, Masculine	markebôth par‘ôh wechêylôw yârâh bayyâm         ûmibechar shâlishâyw tubbe‘û beyam-çuph
5.	a) tehômôth - deep/deep sea/abyss, cf Tiamat in Mesopotamian sources, Feminine b) yekaçyumû, from kâçâh, cover, Pi‘êl imperfect 3mp cover over/conceal/hide c) yâredû, from yârad, go down, Qal perfect 3mp d) bimetsôwlôth - into the depths of, from tsûl, hollowed/basin-like (?), Feminine e) kemôw-’âben - like a stone, Feminine	tehômôth yekaçyumû yâredû bimetsôwlôth kemôw-’âben
6.	a) yemîynekâ - your right hand, Feminine b) Yahweh c) ne’dârîy, from ’âdar, be wide/great/high/noble, Niph‘al Participle construct d) bakôach - in strength/power/ability, Masculine a) yemîynekâ - your right hand, Feminine b) Yahweh c) tir‘ats, from râ‘ats, shatter, Qal imperfect 3ms d) ’ôwyêb - the enemy, Masculine	yemîynekâ YHVH ne’dârîy bakôach       yemîynekâ YHVH tir‘ats ’ôwyêb
7.	a) ûberôb - and in the greatness/abundance of, Masculine b) ge’ôwnekâ - your exaltation/majesty/excellence, Masculine c) taharôç, from hâraç, throw down/break/tear down/overthrow, Qal imperfect 2ms d) qâmeykâ, from qûm Qal plural participle, Masculine a) teshallach, from shâlach, send, Pi‘êl imperfect 2ms, send out/send forth/stretch out/let loose b) charônekâ - burning anger, from chârâh, burn/kindle (anger), Masculine c) yô’kelêmôw, from ’âkhal, eat/comsume, Qal inperfect 2ms d) kaqqash - like stubble/chaff, from q.sh.sh be old/dried up, cf qâshash gather stubble, Masculine	ûberôb ge’ôwnekâ taharôç qâmeykâ       teshallach charônekâ yô’kelêmôw kaqqash
8.	a) ûberûach - and in breath / spirit / wind, Feminine b) ’appeykâ - of your anger, Masculine c) ne‘eremû - from ‘âram, Niph‘al perfect 3mp, be heaped up d) mayim - water, Masculine a) nitstsebû, from nâtsab, Niph‘al stand/take a stand/be upright, perfect 3mp b) kemôw-nêd - like it was a heap (last from root meaning high hill/earth heap), Masculine c) nôzelîym - from nâzal, flow/trickle, Qal plural participle, streams/floods, Masculine a) qâphe’û, qâphâ’ thicken/condense/congeal, Qal perfect 3mp b) tehômôth - deep/deep sea/abyss, cf Tiamat in Mesopotamian sources, Feminine c) beleb-yam - in the heart of the sea, Masculine	ûberûach ’appeykâ ne‘eremû mayim       nitstsebû kemôw-nêd nôzelîym     qâphe’û tehômôth beleb-yam
9.	a) ’âmar - said - Qal perfect 3MS b) ’ôyeb - enemy, Masculine c) ’eredôph - from râdaph, pursue/chase/persecute, Qal imperfect 1s d) ’assîyg, from nâsag, reach/overtake, Hiph‘îyl imperfect 1s a) ’achallêq, from châlaq, divide/share, Pi‘êl imperfect 1s b) shâlâl - prey/spoil/plunder/booty, from shâlal despoil/plunder, Masculine c) timelâ’êmôw, from mâlê’, fill/be full, Qal imperfect 3ms d) napheshîy - my soul / life / being, Feminine a) ’ârîyq, from rîyq, empty/make empty, Hiphîyl imperfect 1s (technical for draw weapon) b) charebîy - my sword, Feminine c) tôwrîyshêmôw, from yârash, take possession of/dispossess, Hiphîyl imperfect 1s, cause to possess/dispossess, bring to ruin/impoverish d) yâdîy - my right hand, Feminine	’âmar ’ôyeb ’eredôph ’assîyg       ’achallêq shâlâl timelâ’êmôw napheshîy       ’ârîyq charebîy tôrîyshêmôw yâdîy
10.	a) nâshaphetâ, nâshaph, blow, Qal perfect 2ms b) berûchakâ - in your breath / spirit / wind, Feminine c) kiççâmôw, from kâçâh, cover, Pi‘êl perfect 3ms, cover over/conceal/hide d) yâm - sea, Masculine a) tsâlalû, sink/be submerged Qal perfect 3mp b) ka‘ôphereth - like lead, Masculine c) bemayim - in water, Masculine d) ’addîyrîym - majestic	nâshaphetâ berûchakâ kiççâmôw yâm       tsâlalû ka‘ôphereth bemayim ’addîyrîym
11.	a) mîy-kâmôkâh - who like you? b) bâ’êlim - in the gods, Masculine c) Yahweh a) mîy kâmôkâh - who like you? b) ne’dâr, from ’âdar, be wide/great/high/noble, Niph‘al Participle, Masculine c) baqqôdesh - in holiness, Masculine a) nôwrâ’, from yârêh, fear, Niph‘al participle, awe-inspiring/fearful/astonishing/dreadful, Masculine b) tehillôth, praises, from hâlal (Pi‘êl) praise, Feminine c) ‘ôsêh-phele’ - a worker/doer/maker (from ‘âsah) of wonder/marvel/extraordinary thing, Masculine	mîy-kâmôkâh bâ’êlim YHVH     mîy kâmôkâh ne’dâr baqqôdesh     nôwrâ’ tehillôth ‘ôsêh-phele’
12.	a) nâtîythâ, from nâtâh, stretch out/extend, Qal perfect 2ms b) yemîynekâ - your right hand, Feminine c) tiblâ‘êmôw, from bâla‘, swallow/engulf, Qal imperfect 2fs d) ’arets - the earth, Feminine	nâtîythâ yemîynekâ tiblâ‘êmôw ’arets
13.	a) nâchîytâ, from nâchâh, lead/guide, Qal perfect 2ms b) bechaçdekâ - in your loving kindness / mercy, Masculine c) ‘am-zû- this people / nation, Masculine d) gâ’aletâ, from gâ’al, redeem/act as kinsman, Qal perfect 2ms a) nêhaletâ, from nâhal, lead/guide towards watering-place/bring to place of rest, Pi‘êl perfect 2ms b) be‘âzzekâ - in your strength / might / power, Masculine c) ‘el-newêh - towards abode/habitation/journey's destination/pasture/meadow, Masculine d) qâdeshekâ - your holy, Masculine	nâchîytâ bechaçdekâ ‘am-zû gâ’aletâ       nêhaletâ be‘âzzekâ ‘el-newêh qâdeshekâ
14.	a) shâme‘û - from shâma‘, hear - Qal perfect 3MP b) ‘ammîym - peoples / nations, Masculine c) yiregâzûn, from râgaz, be agitated/quiver/quake/be excited/be perturbed, Qal imperfect 3ms a) chîyl - writhing/anguish, Masculine b) ’âchaz - grasp/take hold/take possession, Qal perfect 3ms c) yôshebêy - from yâshab, sit / dwell - Qal infinitive construct, Masculine d) Pelasheth	shâme‘û ‘ammîym yiregâzûn     chîyl ’âchaz yôshebêy pelâshêth
15.	a) ’âz - then/therefore/at that time b) nibehalû, bâhal, Niph‘al be disturbed/dismayed/terrified, perfect 3mp c) ’allûpêy - leaders / captains of (plural construct), Masculine d) ’edôm a) ’êylêy - the chiefs/leaders of (from ’âwal/’âyal be in front of), Masculine b) Mo'ab c) yo’chazêmû, from ’âchaz, grasp/take hold/take possession, Qal imperfect 3ms + s/f d) ra‘ad - trembling, Masculine a) nâmôgû, from mûg, melt/faint, Niph‘al perfect 3mp b) kôl c) yôshebêy - from yâshab, sit / dwell - Qal infinitive construct, Masculine d) Canaan	’âz nibehalû ’allûpêy ’edôm       ’êylêy môw’âb yo’chazêmû ra‘ad       nâmôgû kôl yôshebêy kenâ‘an
16.	a) tippôl, from nâphal, fall/lie, Qal imperfect 3fs b) ‘alêcem c) ’êymâtâh - terror/dread, Feminine d) wâphachad - and dread, Masculine a) bigedôl - in the greatness b) zerôw‘akâ - your arm/shoulder/strength, from zâra‘ stretch out/extend, Feminine c) yidemû, from dâmam, be or grow dumb/silent/still, Qal imperfect 3mp d) kâ’âben - like a stone, Feminine a) ‘ad-ya‘abôr - while/until/even as he passes over/by/through, ‘âbar Qal imperfect 3ms b) ‘ammekâ - your people / nation, Masculine c) Yahweh a) ‘ad-ya‘abôr - while/until/even as he passes over/by/through, ‘âbar Qal imperfect 3ms b) ‘am-zû - this people / nation, Masculine c) qânîythâ, from qânâh, get/acquire/buy/purchase/gain/own, Qal perfect 2ms	tippôl ‘alêchem ’êymâtâh wâphachad       bigedôl zerôw‘ekâ yidemû kâ’âben       ‘ad-ya‘abôr ‘ammekâ YHVH     ‘ad-ya‘abôr ‘am-zû qânîythâ
17.	a) tebi’êmôw, from bôw’, Hiph‘îyl imperfect 2ms + s/f, bring in/cause to come in/carry in/send out/lead in or out b) wethittâ‘êmôw, from nâta‘, plant/establish/settle/root, Qal imperfect 2ms + s/f c) behar, in the mountain of, Masculine d) nachalâtekâ, your possession/inheritance/patrimony/estate, Feminine a) mâkôwn - fixed place/foundation/established place, from kûn, be firm, Masculine b) leshibtekâ, from yâshab, sit/remain/dwell/abide, Feminine c) pâ‘aletâ, do/make, Qal perfect 2ms d) Yahweh a) miqqedâsh - sanctuary/sacred place, Masculine b) ’adônây - my lord/Adonay c) kôwnenû, Po‘lêl perfect 3mp d) yâdeykâ - your hands, Feminine	tebi’êmôw wetittâ‘êmôw behar nachalâtekâ       mâkôwn leshibtekâ pâ‘aletâ YHVH       miqqedâsh ’adônây kôwnenû yâdeykâ
18.	a) Yahweh b) yimelôkâ - from mâlakh, reign - Qal imperfect 3MS c) le‘ôlâm - to eternity / forever d) wâ‘ed - and in perpetuity/continuously	YHVH yimelôkâ le‘ôlâm wâ‘ed

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